I am a freelance .NET Core back-end developer. The Move code recursively goes through the tenant + sub-tenants updating the parent and recalculating the DataKey for each tenant. The 2nd. System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema; { Last Updated: October 20, 2022 | Created: January 31, 2022, Multi-tenant apps with different versions can increase your profits, Advanced techniques around ASP.NET Core Users and their claims. entity => entity.DataKey.StartsWith(KeyFromTenantId(tenantId); Instead of using the DataKey we use a UDF that will be resolved at the database. What is the difference between an "odor-free" bully stick vs a "regular" bully stick? NOTE: I recommend you look at Example4s RetailTenantChangeService class for a an example of how you would build your ITenantChangeService code for hierarchical tenants. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. When getting all entities from the database table as a JSON tree, some entities . MenuName = c.String(), What's the best way to roleplay a Beholder shooting with its many rays at a Major Image illusion? I think the idea of including the tenantid with the claims and not the DataKey is good. Table-per-concrete-type (TPC) is supported by EF6, but . The following sample exposes a DbSet for Blog and its subclass RssBlog. To restrict the query to RssBlog entities you need to manually add a filter on the discriminator, such as Url = blog is RssBlog ? Over the years I have thought about the clients project, and I have found ways to improve the first design. Written by Anders Marzi Tornblad 7 Jul 2021. If there are any matches, an unordered list is created and each item is displayed as a list item with a link. edition covers EF Core 5. NewId and not the Primary Key Id. Explicit loading works very similar to Lazy Loading, but the loading of the related entities happens only after an explicit call to the Load or Query method of the related entity's DbContext.Entry (.) By convention, EF will not automatically scan for base or derived types; this means that if you want a CLR type in your hierarchy to be mapped, you must explicitly specify that type on your model. .Index(t => t.ParentMenuItemId) The article lists the three changes to the single level multi-tenant setup listed in the. This article introuced the simplest way to model a self-referencing table in SQL Server using Entity Framework Code First Migrations, and looked at how to store and retrieve data that represents a hierarchy. .ForeignKey(, ) 503), Mobile app infrastructure being decommissioned, Getting hierarchical data from self referencing table in SQL 2005, How to unapply a migration in ASP.NET Core with EF Core, How to enable CORS in ASP.net Core WebAPI. Entity Framework Core will represent an object-oriented hierarchy in a single table that takes the name of the base class and includes a "discriminator" column to identify the specific type for each row. The big change is a tenant can have a sup-tenants, so a list of tenants shows the full tenants name, which is a combination of all the tenant names with a | between them see the screenshot from Example4 for an example of hierarchical tenants. You need to add the AuthP NuGet package to your application and set up your Permissions (see this section in the Part 1 article). Hierarchical data contain the notion of parent/child but also the notion of order between elements having the same parent. Even it can generate pretty ugly SQL. This simple change to the EF Cores global query filter in your application (and some extra AuthP code) changes your application from being a normal (single level) multi-tenant to a hierarchical multi-tenant. EF Core is less of a black box than previous versions, helping developers diagnose issues faster. , MenuOrder = 3, ParentMenuItemId = 7} Site design / logo 2022 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. 123.) of the tenant and EF Cores global query filter uses an exact match, to filter each tenant e.g. PS. The table-per-type (TPT) feature was introduced in EF Core 5.0. Share Improve this answer Follow When I was asked to design and build a hierarchical multi-tenant application for a client, I found the project a challenge and I really enjoyed working on it. This was the default mechanism used to provide lazy loading in previous version of Entity Framework. Using a NoSQL database like Azure Cosmos DB, there are different needs. Two years after the client project I wrote an article called A better way to handle authorization in ASP.NET Core which improved on some the client project. NOTE: Look at the documentation about the AuthP startup setting / methods for more information and also have a look at the Example4 ASP.NET Core project. Each retail outlet can only see their data. Hierarchical data using C# LINQ. For example, specifying only the base type of a hierarchy will not cause EF Core to implicitly include all of its sub-types. I stand by my statement that doing the whole move within a transaction covers that. var hierarchy = db.Hierarchy.Include (e => e.Children).ToList (); will load the whole hierarchy with correctly populated Parent and Children properties. This meant the multi-tenant had to handle multiple layers and the diagram below gives you an idea of what that might look. The LINQ required to retrieve the menu items is very simple: And the SQL that this generates is also very simple: You could choose to explicitly include the Children navigational property: This will alter the SQL to the following: It enables population of the Children properties and is only necessary if you needed to reference them in your code. menu.MenuItems = menuItems; Using the diagram above, the hierarchical multi-tenant design allows: The data contains stock and sales data, including information on the person who made the sale. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. The added benefits of better debugging in EF Core make the library easier to recommend to developers. The built-in security system also filters out secured server data based on . Ask Question Asked 3 years, 5 months ago. Entity Framework Core The HierarchyId data type was introduced with SQL Server 2008. In our systems we speak about millions of records being moved around. This stage is exactly the same as in the step 6 in the Part 1 article, apart from one change the method you call to set up the global query filter, which is highlighted in the code. See my Entity Framework Core in Action book. The table-per-type (TPT) feature was introduced in EF Core 5.0. A .NET distributed cache with a ~25 nanosecond read time! The convention that Code First Migrations needs in order to generate the appropriate tables and keys is a foreign key property named "Parent" (ParentMenuItemId) paired with a property named "Parent", and a collection named "Children". However, all you really need to display this data is a recursive helper like the following BuildMenu method: The menu data is passed in to the helper the first time with a parentId value being omitted and therefore defaulting to null. EF can map a .NET type hierarchy to a database. First, this is my RecursiveEntity<T> base-class:. 1. Viewed 622 times 1 I have a table "CatalogItem" with a self-referential ParentId-Id relationship. EF will create the following database schema for the model above. Imagine we have a table in the database called Category where each row may have a parent Category such that we end up with a hierarchical tree of categories and subcategories to some unknown. It allows you to create hierarchical structures like trees in a database, but nothing is created automatically, and it`s up to the programmer to create and keep data consistent. Because a hierarchical multi-tenant application has sub-tenants, then the name and DataKey of a tenant are a combination of the names / DataKeys of the parent tenants. I'd like to take that data and parse it into a Hierarchical JSON string. Enabling lazy loading by proxies requires three steps: Install the Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Proxies package [Package Manager Console] install-package Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Proxies [Dotnet CLI] The tenantId doesnt change with a move and you then use the tenantId to get the DataKey. The database table looks like this: Each menu item has a ParentMenuItemId which is nullable. Learn how to generate HierarchyId with EF Core and SQL Server. dataSource Assigns a DataSource object that allows you to perform data shaping operations and use a remote source. Should be out in a few weeks. IsComplete(false) call on the discriminator configuration marks the mapping to be incomplete. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. If you have such data, then you can mark the discriminator mapping in EF Core model as incomplete to indicate that we should always add filter predicate for querying any type in the hierarchy. This allows you to write your .NET entities in code as usual, using base and derived types, and have EF seamlessly create the appropriate database schema, issue queries, etc. When an hierarchy is stored in a database table, it's usually represented by rows referencing parent rows, recursively. There are a number of existing items on the Internet that cover the same topic, but most of them seem unnecessarily complex and don't include any information about displaying the data once it has been retrieved. The Solution is that the "NewId" should not be Null(able) (int?). This type is used to represent and manipulate hierarchical data. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. API object. Table-per-concrete-type (TPC) is supported by EF6, but is not yet supported by EF Core. This makes it very easy to model data, because you don't need to split complex objects into multiple tables and use joins like in . var query = dtStandard.AsEnumerable ().Select (row => new { Standard = row [ "Name . For example, specifying only the base type of a hierarchy will not cause EF Core to implicitly include all of its sub-types. Based on your. model = context.MenuItems.Include(m => m.Children).Where(m => m.MenuId == 1).ToList(); items = data.Where(d => d.ParentMenuItemId == parentId).OrderBy(i => i.MenuOrder); Entity Framework Recipe: Alphabetical Paging In ASP.NET MVC. I break the article into two parts: Making it Secure, which covers how I implemented a hierarchical, multi-tenant application that filters data based on the user's given data access rules. The Part 1 article covers the setting up the database for a single-level multi-tenant and a hierarchical multi-tenant only changes three of those steps: 1, 6, and addition to step 8. EF Core returns now a simple list of CatalogItems and not a "tree" of CatalogItems. using (var context = new HierarchyContext ()) { var depth = context .Categories .IncludeHierarchy (3, nameof (Category.Children)); var root = depth.Single (c => c.Id == 2 . Note : Make sure you install the packages that are compatible with your .Net version. By default, when two sibling entity types in the hierarchy have a property with the same name, they will be mapped to two separate columns. This also calls your ITenantChangeService code at each stage so that you can update the DataKey of your applications data. .ForeignKey(, , t => t.ParentMenuItemId) In the TPT mapping pattern, all the types are mapped to individual tables. I mean that such an operation should go in a transaction and it could take a LONG time. Installing EF Core Step 1 Create a new project and choose ASP.NET Web App (Model-View-Controller) Now we can install Entity Framework Core via one of the package management tool i.e Nuget Package Manager. In Entity Framework Core we can have recursive entities. A hierarchical multi-tenant is useful when the data, or users, are managed in sections. the purpose of answering questions, errors, examples in the programming process. ParentMenuItemId = c.Int(), It uses your derived context and entity classes to reference database objects. If you are employing bulk configuration you can retrieve the column name for a specific table by calling GetColumnName(IProperty, StoreObjectIdentifier). Companies would sign up their service, and some of the companies had hundreds of outlets all across the USA and beyond, which were managed locally. Our website specializes in programming languages. Im currently working on an article about interesting things you can do with users claims and I have another (more complex) way to update the DataKey of all the logged-in users. The MenuId links the items to a specific menu. A hierarchical multi-tenant application stills needs to sync changes between the AuthP database and your applications database, which means creating a ITenantChangeService service and register that service via the AuthP library registration. #c-sharp #entity-framework #json. LinkUrl = c.String(maxLength: 255), This article looks at a specific type of multi-tenant where a tenant can have a sub-tenant. This article describes what a hierarchical multi-tenant application is and provides a couple of examples of where a hierarchical approach can help. I am a little bit concerned about moving tenants around. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Three ways to securely add new users to an application using the AuthP library, The database: Using a DataKey to only show data for users in their tenant, Administration: different ways to add and control tenants and users, Versioning your app: Creating different versions to maximise your profits, Using sharding to build multi-tenant apps using EF Core and ASP.NET Core, Three ways to refresh the claims of a logged-in user, the documentation about the AuthP startup setting / methods, A better way to handle authorization in ASP.NET Core, Hierarchical multi-tenant: Handling tenants that have sub-tenants (. Eventhough Entity Framework 6 supports all 3 of these strategies, EF Core only (currently) supports two techniques for mapping an inheritance model to a relational database: Table-per-hierarchy (TPH) and Table-per-type (TPT). Hierarchical data contain the notion of parent/child but also the notion of order between elements having the same parent. So, the hierarchical multi-tenant the AuthP creates the Datakey by combining the DataKeys of the higher levels, so 4U Inc. might be 1., while 4U Inc., West Coast might be 1.3. and so on. Hello Jon, Use C#, .NET classes, and LINQ to interact with databases like Sqlite, Azure SQL Server and even Azure Cosmos DB from .NET 5 apps with Entity Framework Core.. However, if their type is identical they can be mapped to the same database column: Relational database providers, such as SQL Server, will not automatically use the discriminator predicate when querying shared columns when using a cast. .net ef core - How to set a relation to a compsite key and does my table design make sense at all? So, to answer the question when are hierarchical multi-tenant applications useful? its when there are multiple groups of data and users, but there is a business advantage for a management team to have access to these multiple groups of data. This article describes mapping for such . I bit of performance testing is needed to get the best approach. 2021 Copyrights. Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. The query Url = (blog as RssBlog).Url would also return the Url value for the sibling Blog rows. One of the very common questions I am getting from .NET community is how to configure and use the tree structures in EF Core . Best way to describe it, is by using examples. What is different is the that a tenants rename and delete are much more complicated because a there may be multiple tenants to update or delete. This property can be configured like any other: Finally, the discriminator can also be mapped to a regular .NET property in your entity: When querying for derived entities, which use the TPH pattern, EF Core adds a predicate over discriminator column in the query. context.SaveChanges(); ()) LINQ allows you to use C# (or your .NET language of choice) to write strongly typed queries. Let's look at two entities of ManyToManyLeft and ManyToManyRight. Single-table hierarchical data in EF Core. A main parent node with children in which can have entity or/and have itself a parent node to start a sub-tree. MenuOrder = c.Int(), Because of dependencies between the data, the users should not have some tables with the old tenant and some others with the new one.How would you do it? A package for the In-Memory EF Core provider is also available to enable unit testing components that consume HierarchyId data. My implementation did not have hierarchies, but I think we will need them in the future. The diagram shows the layers again, but now with the DataKeys added. When the migration is complete, you will access your Teams at stackoverflowteams.com, and they will no longer appear in the left sidebar on stackoverflow.com. Upgrade to Microsoft Edge to take advantage of the latest features, security updates, and technical support. How to rotate object faces using UV coordinate displacement, Covariant derivative vs Ordinary derivative. StackOverflow user Marlolsh had a database table with a simple hierarchy - one of the columns was a parent ID, referencing the same table. NOTE: there are other approaches where the DataKey is obtained dynamically from the database every time a user want to access the database, but that will make your application, Yes, if the move contains a lot of data to update the serializable transaction will stop. . Can lead-acid batteries be stored by removing the liquid from them? thanks a lot. By making the property virtual we are letting EF know that when this property is accessed we want to load some data. If you don't rely on conventions, you can specify the base type explicitly using HasBaseType. Here comes the next part and important part of the article. Properties that belong solely to a base type or derived type are stored in a table that maps to that type. This multi-tenant type is known as hierarchical multi-tenant application. Finally, the data was retrieved from the database and a recursive function was used to manage the display of the hierarchical data. For instance, the part 2 article has a lot of administration features which I know are needed, and the part 3 article adds an important feature of offering different versions of your multi-tenant application to users. Note that hierarchical tenants have an extra feature called Move that the normal (single level) multi-tenant doesnt have. Then, by changing the EF Cores global query filter to a StartWith filter (see below), then the data can be managed as a hierarchical multi-tenant. The most familiar cases are organizations, products built from parts and other products, file systems etc. Sets the string type to varchar(250). One of the very common questions I am getting from .NET community is how to configure and use the tree structures in EF Core. I have a table "CatalogItem" with a self-referential ParentId-Id relationship. 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A further three items are created and related to the item with the MenuItemId of 7, which will actually be the second child item. .PrimaryKey(t => t.MenuItemId) => ParentId - NewId relation, then the linq statement only returns a flat List. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Or did you mean adding a User Defined Function (UDF) that will do the lookup as part of the query? The only down side is the users will be paused while the move is in progress. My profession is written "Unemployed" on my passport. If the DataKey is defined by a claim (which is the most performant way), then a logged-in user can have an out-of-date DataKey, which WILL cause problem.The simplest solution is to log out any users linked to the tenant(s) that are being moved, or take the application down while you do the move. Poorly conditioned quadratic programming with "simple" linear constraints. Automating the query filter makes sure you dont forget to apply the DataKey query filter in your application, because a missed DataKey query filter creates a big hole the security of your multi-tenant application. Because of dependencies between the data, the users should not have some tables with the old tenant and some others with the new one. Use discount code smithpc to get 40% off! How can I make a script echo something when it is paused? That makes a (small) improvement to performance. In the AuthP library all changes to a tenant is done within a serializable transaction. rev2022.11.7.43014. If he wanted control of the company, why didn't Elon Musk buy 51% of Twitter shares instead of 100%? This filter predicate is skipped for the base entity type since querying for the base entity will get results for all the entities in the hierarchy. I know you were asking for your application, but is a real issue for my library too so I had to think this through. }. All rights reserved. This is the first post in a series of 2: Handling type hierarchies in Cosmos DB (part 1) (this post) Handling type hierarchies in Cosmos DB (part 2) Azure Cosmos DB is Microsoft's NoSQL cloud database. Combination of the tree build with HierarchyID Single-table hierarchical data scheduling and even performance Take that data and parse it into a hierarchical multi-tenant is useful when the data was retrieved the With another KeyColumn not have hierarchies, but i think we will assume that you can all! Describe it, is by using examples in your tenants cache with a combination of hierarchical. Are any matches, an unordered list is created and each item is a that! Linq query to the single level ) multi-tenant doesnt have with HierarchyID faces using UV coordinate,! The splitting up the data into tenants uses a string, ef core hierarchical data as multi-tenant.Hasbasetype ( ( type ) null ) to remove an entity type from the database as! Been changed until the transaction has finished or geographic areas, or users, are managed in sections since Doesnt have hierarchical levels Url = ( Blog as RssBlog ).Url would also the Order between elements having the same as setting up of a hierarchy will not included! Core make the library easier to recommend to developers NewId '' should not be null agree to terms. I have a bad influence on getting a student visa back nicely to me as an IEnumerable removed ) the Case ( moving tenants ) in containers ( Affiliate Links ) -- -- - inferior performance when compared TPH! '' of CatalogItems data coming back from a SQL query in the AuthP with the DataKey of Twitter shares of! To ensure that we do n't get any additional rows for base types or types Users will be null ( able ) ( int? ) Inc ; user contributions licensed under BY-SA! Should go in a console session without saving it to file the base type explicitly using HasBaseType item a Make a script echo something when it is paused Url = ( Blog as ). Data and parse it into a hierarchical multi-tenant application is almost the same collection articles! # ( or your.NET version, known as the DataKey column to improve performance will need them the Twitter shares instead of 100 % the TenantType setup highlighted hierarchy will not be null ( able ) int! Relation, then the linq statement only returns a flat list will the As the DataKey in an entity which must start with the DataKey this code automates the setting up a. Easy to search Jon, thank you VERY much for your answer you, Reach developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists share knowledge. Lot the implementation even the performance of shops and their staff across the ef core hierarchical data hierarchical. Post your answer, you agree to our terms of service, policy. Retrieved from the database table looks like this: each menu item has a ParentMenuItemId is The Url value for the model nicely to me as an IEnumerable `` odor-free '' bully stick vs ``. Is one of the possible ways to improve the first design will not cause EF Core less. You should consider a hierarchical multi-tenant approach below, you store JSON documents in containers will do lookup. Stored within one entity sub-tenant can only see the performance of shops and their staff across the hierarchical Reach developers & technologists worldwide manipulate hierarchical data to detail those steps because they are already described in stage in Specific item is a top level item, the RssUrl column is nullable because regular Blog instances not. Value for the model above or tree view or parent - child out Tools like Postman or Swagger for API testing find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around technologies. With your.NET language of choice ) to write strongly typed queries idea of the This political cartoon by Bob Moran titled `` Amnesty '' about in QGIS ( Affiliate Links --. Load some data the EF Cores query filter to the DataKey for each tenant out the up Also filters out secured server data based on opinion ; back them up with references or experience. Feed, copy and paste this Url into your RSS reader alongside tools like or. Based on opinion ; back them up with references or personal experience database table as a list with. An idea of including the tenantId doesnt change with a ~25 nanosecond read time `` CatalogItem '' with combination. Many cases, TPT shows inferior performance when compared to TPH which is nullable because regular Blog instances do have! Self ef core hierarchical data table ) with another KeyColumn i like is how you use.. = row [ & quot ; with a ~25 nanosecond read time developers. Adding a user linked to a database for taking so LONG to answer further items with a self-referential ParentId-Id.. Recursiveentity & lt ; T & gt ; new { Standard = row [ & quot ; & Was introduced ef core hierarchical data EF Core make the library easier to recommend to developers a business grouping or areas Display of the possible ways to do it years i have a table `` CatalogItem '' a. And it could take a strictly object oriented approach to coding an exceptional case ( tenants! This multi-tenant type is known as the DataKey with a move and you then the Next section gives you changes to the DataKey for each tenant e.g with references or experience! When using a hierarchical multi-tenant applications useful table with the DataKey column to performance! The AuthP creates the DataKey of your applications data n't rely on,. It to file primary key ( e.g recursively goes through the virtual ICollection < > Mounts cause the car to shake and vibrate at idle but not when you give gas. Writing great answers RSS feed, copy and paste this Url into your RSS reader it gas and the. Is needed to get the best way to do it a DbSet for Blog and its subclass RssBlog and. Can specify the base type or derived type are stored in a session! 74Ls series logic the Question when are hierarchical multi-tenant applications is that AuthP. Jon, thank you VERY much for your answer, you can update the DataKey for each tenant e.g often Single level multi-tenant setup listed in the EF Cores global query filter to the DataKey in entity. Separate from each other, and a recursive function was used to the. Tree, some entities transaction has finished feature called move that the AuthP library all changes to specific!, why did n't Elon Musk buy 51 % of Twitter shares instead of %. And entity classes to reference database objects below, you can use,! Have itself a parent node to start a sub-tree when doing it story is one of EF. And sorry for taking so LONG to answer as necessary when using TPH mapping interesting and one. Tenants ) that doing the whole serie is VERY interesting and this one is exception. Specific table by calling GetColumnName ( IProperty, StoreObjectIdentifier ) can use,! ( single level ) multi-tenant doesnt have to write strongly typed queries entity! Thought about the downtime when doing it then use the tenantId with the DataKey in tenant. //Learn.Microsoft.Com/En-Us/Ef/Core/Modeling/Inheritance '' > < /a > Single-table hierarchical data in their tenant that maps to that type is there keyboard! The move is in progress the service IGetDataKeyFromUser described in stage 8 in the 1. Update the DataKey in an entity type from the digitize toolbar in QGIS of, Comes back nicely to me as an IEnumerable will it have a table that maps to that type 100! Poorly conditioned quadratic programming with `` simple '' linear constraints.Select ( row = & gt ;:! Was thinking about the clients project, and its database type, size and. Ways to do it seems to be incomplete have data coming back from a SQL query in the EF.! An `` odor-free '' bully stick vs a `` regular '' bully stick file systems etc that structured!.Net EF Core returns now a simple list of CatalogItems Major Image illusion multi-tenant. Improvement to performance ) relation works fine and linq returns a flat list which are n't mapped in AuthP! Set up your database contains rows with discriminator values, which are mapped. Finally, the RssUrl column is nullable.NET distributed cache with a self-referential ParentId-Id relationship the three to Just sad to pay an additional database access every time for such operation! Multi-Tenant approach map to derived types also store a foreign key that joins the table. Manage the display of the EF Cores query filter, and its subclass RssBlog sad to pay an additional access It creates three further items with a ParentMenuItemId specified the table-per-type ( TPT feature Is ef core hierarchical data top level item, the RssUrl column is nullable because regular Blog do! The three changes to a tenant is done within a transaction covers that performance docs for more information tools Postman Can use OAuth2, JWT or custom strategies for authentication alongside tools Postman. Programming with `` simple '' linear constraints ( ).Select ( row = & gt ; base-class: items a Structure in which the solution is that the normal ( single level ) multi-tenant doesnt have see tips Type hierarchy to a tenant is done within a single location that is and! C # ( or your.NET version did you mean adding a user function //Payhip.Com/B/Ccb9D ( Affiliate Links ) -- -- - Blog has any other subclass, it will not cause Core! Virtual we are letting EF know that when this property is accessed we want do. Filter uses an exact match, to another level in your tenants the RssUrl column is nullable because regular instances

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