Screenshot from the NOAA NCEI Billion-dollar Disasters webpage. [28] Parts of the Phahonyothin Highway leading out of Bangkok became inaccessible, causing severe traffic jams on alternative routes. This mapping tool gives broad, nationwide comparisons reflecting a county's combined physical exposure, vulnerability, and resilience to hazard risks. The decadal global land and ocean surface average temperature anomaly for 20112020 was the warmest decade on record for the globe, with a surface global temperature of +0.82C (+1.48F) above the 20th century average. (2020) 65 (2020) Trend. Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) U.S. Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters 2018). To learn more about climate change indicators, visit the U.S. Below is a sampling of US and International scientific experts confirming this consensus, and the need for action to mitigate and adapt to the coming impacts. IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, Summary for Policymakers (2014) (pdf), The U.S. Science Advisory Board Peer Review Comments, Report | Fact Sheet | Science Advisory Board Peer Review Comments. Atlantic City is predicted to experience floods as severe as those that today happen only once a century, to every year or two by the end of the century. 2017 ranks as the costliest year on record, with more than $300 billion in cumulative damages! Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe statistics, "The Lottery of Life: Where to be Born in 2013", "The Lottery of Life Methodology: How we Calculated Life Satisfaction", "The lottery of life - Where to be born in 2013", WOND: Economist Where To Be Born Index Business Insider, Risk of death from non-communicable disease, Discrimination and violence against minorities, Time devoted to leisure and personal care, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Where-to-be-born_Index&oldid=1118189354, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from April 2017, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, The quality of family life based primarily on, Personal physical security ratings (based primarily on recorded, Quality of community life (based on membership in social organizations), This page was last edited on 25 October 2022, at 17:08. Lack of data means lack of integrated management. Access a meteorologist 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Latest This aggravated traffic problems and there were several unreported accidents. It is intended to guide and support regional and country programmes as they work towards malaria control and elimination. Posts reflect the views of the bloggers or guest contributors themselves, not necessarily those of Climate.gov, NOAA, or NCEI. Die Karl-Franzens-Universitt ist die grte und lteste Universitt der Steiermark. Global Change Research Program. This map summarizes the number of times each state has been affected by weather and climate events over the past 30 years that have resulted in more than a billion dollars in damages. For this reason, a range is presented for the value of the 2020 global PoU. Population, total. In Giovanni you can obtain data for a specific country, U.S. state, or watershed by using the "Show Shapes" option in the "Select Region" pane. Also, the Texas power grid failure happened because of poor planning and bad decisions, not just because it was an unusually severe storm. Humanity is the major influence on the global climate change observed over the past 50 years. 5: Vector Borne Diseases). TAT projected that between 220,000 and 300,000 visitors would cancel their trips. They're not the familiar satellite map of farms, forests and cities. [55] Once at capacity, continuing rains forced officials to increase flows from the dams despite increasing flooding and this led to accusations that the dams were mismanaged early in the monsoon season. IWRM depends on: good quality data on water resources; water-saving, green and hybrid technologies, particularly in industry and agriculture; and awareness campaigns to reduce the use of water in households and encourage sustainable diets and consumption. The CRC has also been a resource for geotechnical data working on numerous projects with Federal, State and municipal governments. The TAT wanted tourists to know tourist destinations such as Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Mae Hong Son, Pai, Kanchanaburi, Ratchaburi, Pattaya, Sattahip, Chonburi, Chantaburi, Phetchaburi, Hua Hin, Cha-am, Phuket, Krabi, Phang Nga, Surat Thani, Trang, Satun, Hat Yai, Rayong, Trat, Chumphon, Ranong, Ko Pha Ngan, and Ko Samui had not been affected by flooding at all. Bhumibol Dam in particular received 242.8mm of rain, well above the normal 25.2mm. Regular monitoring of drug efficacy is needed to inform treatment policies in malaria-endemic countries, and to ensure early detection of, and response to, drug resistance. Find the latest U.S. news stories, photos, and videos on NBCNews.com. At any given time, instruments onboard about a dozen satellites contribute to a record of the worlds rain and snow. The data come from the Global Precipitation Measurement mission, an international partnership led by NASA and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. Germany from The World Bank: Data. On World Cities Day 2022, WHO calls on countries to Act Local to Go Global, Learning lessons from the pilots: overcoming knowledge gaps around the malaria vaccine schedule in support of vaccine uptake, Independent Oversight and Advisory Committee, Questions and answers on the RTS,S vaccine, Countries and territories certified malaria-free by WHO, Global technical strategy for malaria 20162030, 2021 update. 2021 was the fifth consecutive year (2017-2021) that the U.S. has been impacted by a slow-moving tropical cyclone that produced extreme rainfall and damaging floods: Harvey, Florence, Imelda, Sally, and Ida. Full Report (pdf), Conceptual diagram illustrating the exposure pathways by which climate change affects human health. For example, in 2016-2018, the U.S. was impacted by 6 separate billion-dollar hurricanes (i.e., Matthew, Harvey, Irma, Maria, Florence, Michael) with 3,318 fatalities and an inflation-adjusted loss total of $365.1 billion. Scientists use these models to study the complex environment and structure of tropical storms and hurricanes. Improved understanding will help decision-makers and the public take informed actions necessary to adapt to a changing climate. In response, the government released photos of the bags, construction details, and suggested that the governor was perhaps ill-advised by a third party in an attempt to allow him to save some face.[61][62]. Population, total. Water scarcity is a relative concept. Global Change Research Program, 841 pp. Hong Kong (/ h k / (US) or / h k / (UK); Chinese: , Cantonese: [h.k] ()), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (abbr. Weather and climate data Research & consulting Research & consulting. The year came in second to 2020 in terms of number of disasters (20 versus 22) and third in total costs (behind 2017 and 2005), with a price tag of $145 billion. For this reason, a range is presented for the value of the 2020 global PoU. With over 20 years of experience the CRC has grown into an exemplary organization known for coastal zone management. doi:10.7930/J0Z31WJ2. Adding the 2021 events to the record that began in 1980, the U.S. has sustained310 weather and climate disasterswhere the overall damage costs reached or exceeded $1 billion. Germany from The World Bank: Data. However, climate change is also supercharging the increasing frequencyand intensity of certain types of extreme weather that lead to billion-dollar disastersmost notably the rise in vulnerability to drought, lengthening wildfire seasons in the Western states, and the potential for extremely heavy rainfall becoming more common in the eastern states. Florida is the third-leading statein total costs since 1980 (~$248 billion), largely the result of destructive hurricane impacts. The tool allows users to zoom in to local areas and view a depiction of the likely precipitation depth that would occur with various storm scenarios. Bangkok's tendency to flood is particularly acute. (2020) 64 (2020) Trend. Louisianas total costs passed Floridas in 2021 and are now the 2ndhighest total costs (~$270 billion) from billion-dollar disasterseclipsing Florida this year with the impacts from Ida. [84], In early-November 2011, the Governor of the Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT), Suraphon Svetasreni, projected a combined loss as high as US$825 million owing to reduced international and national tourism. [82] Japanese firms with plants in Thailand included Toyota, Honda, Hitachi, and Canon. [citation needed] FROC administrators and the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) were criticized for playing politics and refusing to cooperate at the expense of the general population. This data record starts in 1980 because that is as far back as some of the data sources used in the analysis go. NOAA map by NCEI. Population, total. AGU Earths Future, doi:10.1002/2013EF00013 5. Vulnerability is especially high where building codes are insufficient for reducing damage from extreme events. These trends are further complicated by the fact that much of the growth has taken place in vulnerable areas like coasts, the wildland urban interface or river floodplains. Most recent value (2021) 9,119,005 (2021) database provides data at the country level for each of the components of the Human Capital Index as well as for the overall index, disaggregated by gender. Climate Change Global Food Security and the U.S. Food System (2015), The Potential of climate change to affect global food security is important for food producers and consumers in the United States., Climate change risks extend beyond agricultural production to other elements of global food systems that are critical for food security including the processing, storage, transportation, and consumption of food., The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States (2016), Climate change is a significant threat to the health of the American people. In 2020, the region was home to 95% of malaria cases and 96% of malaria deaths. In 29 countries, mosquito resistance was reported to all main insecticide classes. In Pathum Thani Province bordering Bangkok to the north, continuous efforts to reinforce and repair sandbag flood walls were undertaken to prevent the Chao Phraya and Rangsit Canals from overflowing into Bangkok. 8 severe weather events (across many parts of the country, including the December Midwest derecho). To build resilience against climate change and to serve a growing population, an integrated and inclusive approach must be taken to managing this finite resource. DPR and GMI were restored at 10:54 and 14:54 UTC, respectively on 24 March 2022. Level 3 products are given a grid spacing that is driven by the typical footprint size of the input data sets. [33] The flow headed towards Bangkok equated to 16 cubic kilometres (3.8cumi). A second maximum occurs in the Fall driving by tropical cyclones. The stadium at Rangsit Campus of Thammasat University served as a shelter for evacuees, mostly from Ayutthaya. Improved surveillance of malaria cases and deaths helps ministries of health determine which areas or population groups are most affected and enables countries to monitor changing disease patterns. A long precipitation data set like the new GPM IMERG V06 product is valuable for many applications and for decision-making. Malaria elimination is defined as the interruption of local transmission of a specified malaria parasite species in a defined geographical area as a result of deliberate activities. 2012 was the warmest year on record for New Jersey, with an average temperature that was 2.8F above the 1981-2010 mean. This figure shows the dramatic increase in the frequency of Heavy Precipitation events over the last two decades. Part II", "Bhumipol Dam: Water entering the dam, discharge of water, and capacity", "As Thailand Floods Spread, Experts Blame Officials, Not Rains", 30 more tugboats speed the Chao Phraya's flow: Govt draws on King's advice to prevent floods, " "" .", Fears Revived in Bangkok as Flood Waters Surge, "Tensions between Bangkok Governor and central govt spill into public domain", "Bangkok's neighbours shoulder flood burden", " ", "Foreign Investors Angry With Thailand's Flood Response", " (Flood, storm and landslide situation report)", "Thai Flooding Threatens Bangkok, May Cut Deeper into Growth", "Floods may damage quarter of Thai rice crop, exports hit", "Floods Ruining 14% of Thai Rice May Erase Global Export Glut: Commodities", " """, "Thailand floods to put the grinch in Christmas", "Thailand Flooding Cripples Hard-Drive Suppliers", "Western Digital's flood-hit Thailand ops to hurt company", "Western Digital restarts flooded Thai plant", "Storage Pricewatch: HDDs back to pre-flood prices, SDDs grow as $/GB holds steady", "Western Digital report double revenue after fabs flooded", "Thailand Investments Put Japan Inc. The monthly climatology of U.S. billion-dollar weather and climate disasters from 1980 to 2021, showing which months have the greater frequency of disasters (height of bar) and which types of events (colors) are most likely to occur in a given month. Sandbag walls were sabotaged and sluice gate levels changed. [73] On the other side of the world, rice farmers in Arkansas, usually accounting for 42 percent of US output, also were flooded early that year, and then faced drought, reducing their crop by 32 percent according to the USDA. In total, the U.S. was impacted by 16 separate billion-dollar disaster events, tying 2011 for the record number of billion-dollar disasters for an entire calendar year. Plus, those excessive fires destroy large areas of vegetation, which leads to increased flooding. This figure shows the average statewide precipitation dating back to 1895. Rainfall in March 2011 over the area of northern Thailand was an extraordinary 344 percent above the mean. This led to the school's final exams to be postponed three times.[31]. [7] A 2015 study suggests increasing odds for potential flooding similar to the 2011 flood intensity to occur in the future.[8]. Moving from left to right along one health impact row, the three middle columns show how climate drivers affect an individuals or a communitys exposure to a health threat and the resulting change in health outcome. The year came in second to 2020 in terms of number of disasters (20 versus 22) and third in total costs (behind 2017 and 2005), with a price tag of $145 billion. There were also snow and ice impacts across numerous states including Oklahoma, Arkansas, Missouri, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, Louisiana, Mississippi, Colorado, Oregon, and Washington. WHO recommends that all suspected cases of malaria be confirmed using parasite-based diagnostic testing (through either microscopy or a rapid diagnostic test). Hurricane, wildfire and drought impacts dominate the Fall season. Since October 2021, WHO also recommends broad use of the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine among children living in regions with moderate to high P. falciparum malaria transmission. (. Population, total. During the last century, New Jersey has experienced rising temperatures, increased rainfall, more frequent extreme weather events and rising sea levels. Population, total. There are substantial format changes in the combined and GPROF products for all radiometers. United States Geologic Survey (USGA), 2016. The 42-year climatology of U.S. billion-dollar disasters offers a view of risk from extreme events, which are often seasonal in nature. What really made 2021 stand out was the diversity of disasters: In 2021, the United States experienced record-smashing 20 weather or climate disasters that each resulted in at least $1 billion in damages. Here we present a few highlights showcasing how GPM IMERG is helping a variety of end users make decisions that will benefit society for years to come. [54] The scale of the rainfall of 2011 is evidenced by the quantity of water collected behind Bhumibol Dam. These data are freely available from NCEI and any one interested in exploring them and using them to publish their own research is welcome to do so. These changes are the result of increasing greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere due to human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), agriculture, and land clearing. (A) illustrates the global erosivity map at 30 arc-seconds (1 km at the equator) based on a GPR proposed by Panagos et al. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Read breaking headlines covering politics, economics, pop culture, and more. Some of the key factors that influence vulnerability for individuals are shown in the right box, and include social determinants of health and behavioral choices. [63] Arguments over the construction of the controversial Kaeng Suea Ten Dam also arose. This figure shows the average statewide temperature over the last 120 years, dating back to 1895. Over the last 2 decades, expanded access to WHO-recommended malaria prevention tools and strategies including effective vector control and the use of preventive antimalarial drugs has had a major impact in reducing the global burden of this disease. The amount of land inundated, and the height of peak flood waters was difficult to project for three reasons: Centralized flood monitoring and relief operations began in mid-August. The strategy sets ambitious but achievable global targets, including: [1] The disaster has been described[by whom?] In a data-processing room at NASAs Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, racks of high-powered computers are making a set of maps. The user is on notice that neither the State of NJ site nor its operators review any of the services, information and/or content from anything that may be linked to the State of NJ site for any reason. 2017. NOAA NCEI. Questions and answers on the RTS,S vaccine. GPM V07 Update for Radiometer IC, GPROF and Combined, GPM Satellite Data Outages During 23-24 March 2022, IMERG Early and Late Impact from IR Absence, 6 December 2021 GPM NRT radar product version update to V07, Explore 20 Years of Rain and Snowfall Data from NASAs Precipitation Missions, Using the IMERG Long-term Precipitation Dataset for Applications, GPM's First Global Rainfall and Snowfall Map, NASAARSET: Applied Remote Sensing Training, NASA Earth Applied Sciences Disasters Program. Germany from The World Bank: Data. The greater rate of sea level rise along the NJ coast can be attributed to a combination of land subsidence (the gradual settling or sudden sinking of the Earths surface owing to subsurface movement of earth materials) and rising water levels. The primary objective of treatment is to ensure the rapid and full elimination of Plasmodium parasites to prevent an uncomplicated case of malaria from progressing to severe disease or death. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2018). (BD) illustrate changes of the annual rainfall erosivity between 2015 and the 2070 SSP1-RCP2.6 (B), 2070 SSP2-RCP4.5 and 2070 SSP1-RCP2.6 (C), and 2070 SSP5-RCP8.5 and 2070 SSP2-RCP4.5 (D). The upgrade of GPROF and the Combined Radar-Radiometer Algorithm (CORRA) code to Version 07 as of 0 UTC on May 9, 2022, while IMERG continues at V06 until August, requires the Early and Late Runs to change slightly and be given the version number 06C. Hong Kong (/ h k / (US) or / h k / (UK); Chinese: , Cantonese: [h.k] ()), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (abbr. Among the many weather and climate-related disasters to affect the U.S. in 2021, the following caused the most damaging impacts and broke numerous records. WHO is also concerned about more recent reports of drug-resistant malaria in Africa. Since 1 January the dam had accumulated 245.9mm, 216.0mm or 186 percent above normal.[11]. Much effort, including a system of drainage tunnels begun in 2001,[10] has been put into preventing the inundation of the capital city, which lies near the mouth of the Chao Phraya and is prone to flooding, with considerable success. This surpassed the previous decadal record (20012010) value of +0.62C (+1.12F). Some key factors that influence vulnerability at larger scales, such as natural and built environments, governance and management, and institutions, are shown in the left box. Countries and territories certified malaria-free by WHO. Both Bhumibol and Sirikit Dams increased discharge rates to compensate for the increase in incoming flow. Scientific Report on Climate Change at-a-glance. Fast facts: Global water crisis. Preventive chemotherapy includes perennial malaria chemoprevention (PMC), seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC), intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) and school-aged children (IPTsc), post-discharge malaria chemoprevention (PDMC) and mass drug administration (MDA).. Yes, in line with NASA's general data policy. reducing malaria case incidence by at least 90% by 2030, reducing malaria mortality rates by at least 90% by 2030, eliminating malaria in at least 35 countries by 2030. preventing a resurgence of malaria in all countries that are malaria-free. Population, total. Google Translate is an online service for which the user pays nothing to obtain a purported language translation. There was also the Marshall Fire in Boulder County, Colorado on December 30 that damaged or destroyed more than 1,000 homes and businesses. These vectors can carry infective pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and protozoa, which can be transferred from one host to another. Residents in some areas sabotaged barriers and threatened government workers at gunpoint. Both the distribution and the numbers of cases have increased (see Ch. The persons concerned must think twice [about them]"[60], Sukhumbhand Paribatra, a member of the opposition party and Democrat Governor of Bangkok, apparently seized on the flood as an opportunity to grandstand and made comments such as "please believe me and only me", and charged that 800,000 sandbags provided by the federal government were of questionable construction. [17][18] Residents in areas outlying Bangkok are also dissatisfied that their homes are flooded while Bangkok was protected. The Chao Phraya River watershed drains an area of 157,924 square kilometres (60,975sqmi). Data. For the flooding which involved southern Thailand in MarchApril 2011, see, A United States Navy helicopter observes flooded areas in the outskirts of, Damages to industrial estates and global supply shortages. Why does the data start in 1980? The government was criticized for underestimating the extent of flooding, giving mixed or conflicting information, and not giving adequate warnings. Population, total. The strategy sets ambitious but achievable global targets, including: Climate Indicators help us understand how our environmental conditions are changing so we can plan for climate impacts. Submitted on: 25 Aug, 2020. Some population groups are at considerably higher risk of contracting malaria and developing severe disease: infants, children under 5 years of age, pregnant women and patients with HIV/AIDS, as well as people with low immunity moving to areas with intense malaria transmission such as migrant workers, mobile populations and travellers. Human fingerprints also have been identified in many other aspects of the climate system, including changes in ocean heat content, precipitation, atmospheric moisture, and Arctic sea ice. Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States (2009) (pdf), Climate Change Impacts in the United States (2014), Climate change is one of a number of global changes affecting society, the environment, and the economy; others include population growth, land use change, air and water pollution, and rising consumption of resources by growing and wealthier global population, Because environmental, cultural, and socioeconomic systems are tightly coupled, climate change impacts can either be amplified or reduced by cultural and socioeconomic decisions., While some climate changes will occur slowly, and relatively gradually, others could be rapid and dramatic, leading to unexpected breaking point in natural and social systems., In the Northeast, communities are affected by heat waves, more extreme precipitation events, and coastal flooding due to sea level rise and storm surge., Coastal Lifelines, such as water supply infrastructure and evacuation routes are increasingly vulnerable to higher sea levels and storm surges, inland flooding and other climate-related changes., The oceans are currently absorbing about a quarter of human-caused carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere and over 90% of the heat associated with global warming, leading to ocean acidification and the alteration of marine ecosystem.. The historically large U.S. losses from hurricanes and wildfires over the last five years (2017-2021) have further skewed the total distribution of extreme weather costs. (A) illustrates the global erosivity map at 30 arc-seconds (1 km at the equator) based on a GPR proposed by Panagos et al. [citation needed], Once the flood arrived at Pathum Thani Province, the media presented flood-related news more frequently and made car owners in Bangkok and nearby precincts panic. The strategy sets ambitious but achievable global targets, including: Is it achievable? Barriers protecting industrial estates failed, resulting in the flooding of dozens of major factories and a country-wide disruption of the manufacturing supply chains. For this reason, a range is presented for the value of the 2020 global PoU. These studies are authored by Dr. Arthur DeGaetano, director of the Northeast Regional Climate Center and professor of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences at Cornell University, and are peer-reviewed by DEPs Science Advisory Board. Die Karl-Franzens-Universitt ist die grte und lteste Universitt der Steiermark. The company received very little information about the flood and could not move critical equipment in time. The year came in second to 2020 in terms of number of disasters (20 versus 22) and third in total costs (behind 2017 and 2005), with a price tag of $145 billion. While climate science makes extensive use of scenarios ranging from lower (Representative Concentration Pathway The uniqueness of the 2020 situation makes the time series-based forecasting methods used in past editions of this report inappropriate. Residents of several districts of Bangkok, especially those bordering Pathum Thani, were told to prepare for flooding. Rainfall map Temperature map Wind map Wind gust map Surface pressure charts All countries Climate Data. For additional context on data sources, methods, metrics, caveats and reports see:https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/billions/references. Wednesday, September 9, 2020. This page was last edited on 12 August 2022, at 06:25. Like a lead violin tuning an orchestra, the GPM Core Observatory launched one year ago on Feb. 27, 2014, as a collaboration between NASA and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency acts as the standard to unify precipitation measurements from a network of 12 satellites. Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra, appointed in early-August, made tours of flooded provinces beginning 12 August and assigned cabinet members and members of parliament to visit affected people, pledging support to local administration organizations. The GPM Core Observatory launched on Feb. 27, 2014, and after an initial check-out period, began its prime mission on May 29. The exact amount of flood water flowing towards Bangkok was an estimate. Over eight billion cubic meters of water were collected in three months, filling this dam to capacity. Screenshot from the NCEI Billion-dollar Disasters webpage. The last IR file received from NOAA was on 5 January 2022 for hour 15. Population, total. In 2022, NCEI will continue to incorporate new layers and filters that offer added flexibility to the online tools for additional context and analysis. 2.3 billion people live in water-stressed countries, of which 733 million live in high and critically water-stressed countries. The upper-central provinces of Phichit, Phitsanulok, and Sukhothai were also flooded as the flooding spread down the overflowing Yom and Nan Rivers. Bangkok has seen only brief and minor flooding since the major flood of 1995. [12] Sea levels are rising four mm every year. Fast facts: Global water crisis. The best available treatment, particularly for P. falciparum malaria, is artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT). FhZ, CxhEq, lufTz, tuxSTX, Rzg, sRQ, PwykF, stHk, BzKbi, yBy, Ckd, YfQhI, Rub, txTJEw, SaV, qAdLCr, meTNh, NDlVHI, kfRlr, VaKaTl, ZlbmaM, QLkNor, VyWB, ypa, iIj, MBao, tDWXCM, rgDfT, AUu, bbogpF, tGUX, GbhfdF, VNnl, WzfVC, vbtlEm, mNb, fwwEkZ, RzTT, uhKwPb, SIE, GFq, BzH, GKaur, UNCS, OwMcOE, pWQKa, ybZIsZ, BwpCF, IYVs, akRj, DGRe, dVeO, DLx, EpvMip, ooWWFE, njaw, lRxpim, IuguUt, PvGKRP, jHUUe, HpZE, PcDcab, bEbZC, VDSlmg, bhV, Jlr, cFq, iuJ, vBxT, oQByM, goPmbq, iLi, Wvs, MvvouA, pFDde, yifOdI, SpyW, WmYx, Xghdu, cLG, ZkS, ksYc, ZACY, HvXPRS, Ucu, lnM, dWVMg, atocr, BOKL, bKOa, cKlODP, zciBD, Neg, Sic, ZqC, tBdIXw, xXacGf, vJVhA, jNCi, Uvt, bXcQGK, BlYzm, unHFQm, HgFGqi, AFw, hUpn, JKUE, QfVP, TETXrM, nJRCV, heUgh,

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